The concept
of “Othering/Otherisation” refers to the classification of individuals or
groups as outsiders. This cognitive classification divides any sociocultural
and political formation into potential two generally monolithic and mutually
exclusive blocks: the in-group community versus the out-group community. The
inclusion or exclusion of each block is contingent on different criteria like
religion, ethnicity, culture, race, politics, class, etc. When these
differences are used descriptively, they become somewhat acceptable and
harmless. However, when they are normative, they are often couched in the
discourses of superiority or inferiority, goodness or badness, civilized-ness
or uncivilized-ness, etc. Thus, those differences become highly harmful and unacceptable.
The politics of “Othering” are quite likely to generate social in-justice,
discrimination, racism, and power abuses. So, “Othering”, as a concept or a
practice, needs more careful study and vigorous research to understand the
dynamics of its production and the goals of its installation.
The
perception that one group stands as a threat to another group increases
people’s tendency to reject each other and to create a negative representation
of them. “Othering” rests on a binary opposition of the self and the other. It
is structured around a positive representation of the self and demonization of
the other. Hence, “Othering” or “otherisation” rests on a solid politics of
fear of the strange, the unfamiliar, the unknown, and the mysterious. It seems
that the politics of “Othering” is one indulging in and capitalizing on
xenophobic sentiment par excellence.